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How to Search Online

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Displaying Records after a Search

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It's easy to find the information you want!

  1. Type query criteria or click a Word Wheel button.
    If you fill in more than one box, results must meet all criteria.
    Example: Find documents that contain the word "boots" in the text AND have a published date earlier than 1900 (i.e. <1900.)
  2. Click Submit Query.
  3. Documents that meet your criteria are displayed as a report.

Finding words and phrases

Type the word you want to find (dog) or type a phrase (sled dog harness) to find those words, in that order. To find variations of word stems, type an asterisk at the end of one or more words (hunting tech*). Use the symbols & / ! between words or phrases to represent Boolean AND, OR, NOT. Include a space before and after the symbol. Use the proximity operators w# (within) and p# (preceding) to find words near each other. See examples below.

Type this… To find…
dog sled a phrase (those words, in that order)
dog / sled either word (or both)
dog & food items that contain both words (items that contain just one of the words will be ignored)
witchcraft ! shaman* “witchcraft” but not “shaman*”
bladder p5 feast “bladder” preceding “feast” by 5 words or fewer. You can include an asterisk at the end of either word. Do not string together phrases (clinton w5 white house).
seal w5 harpoon “seal” within 5 words of “harpoon” (before or after). Do not include phrases.

Words joined by & / ! are evaluated in left-to-right order: red & white / blue finds items that are red and white, or items that are blue. Use parentheses to control evaluation order: red & (white / blue) finds items that are red and white or red and blue.

Finding a Date

To find a date, use any reasonable format, including but not limited to the examples shown below:

31-Dec-98 Dec 31, 1998 1998 Dec Dec 98 December 1998 12-98

Do not use a forward slash to separate date elements unless you surround the date with quotation marks ("12/31/98").

You can use the symbols & / ! between dates to do AND-OR-NOT searches. For example, May 1998 / June 1998 finds all dates in May or June 1998.

You can do less than, greater than, and range searches for dates (see below).

Doing less than, greater than, and "between" searches

You can search for items greater than or less than a certain value, or within a range. This is most commonly done when searching for dates, but may also be done when searching for values or text. Use the symbols shown below. When used with a partial date, these symbols search from the beginning of the date (first day of the month or year). A range consists of two values, low and high, separated by a colon. Include spaces around the colon.

Symbol Meaning Example
< less than (before) < 1998 finds dates before January 1, 1998
<= less than or equal to <= 6-15-98 finds dates on or before June 15, 1998
> greater than (after) > 1998 finds dates after December 31, 1997
>= greater than or equal to >= 500 finds values greater than or equal to 500
: between 1997 : 1998 finds dates from Jan. 1, 1997 through Dec. 31, 1998 (inclusive)
200 : 300 finds values between 200 and 300 (inclusive)

Using a Word Wheel

If a search form includes a Word Wheel button, click it to display a dialog that shows words you can search for. This eliminates trial-and-error searching and makes searching easier. For more information, click the Help button in the Word Wheel dialog. NOTE: The Word Wheel requires version 3.0 or later of Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer.

Using the AND-OR-NOT Droplist

If a search form includes an AND-OR-NOT droplist in front of each box, you can do more sophisticated searches. The Boolean operator you select for a box determines how the search criteria in that box will be combined with criteria already evaluated. Boxes are evaluated from top to bottom (first box to last).

Using a Regular Droplist

If a search form includes a droplist next to a box, you can open the list and select one item for which to search. To clear the box, open the list again and select the blank line at the very top of the list.

Finding a term (exact, complete match)

A term is a complete item, with no additional text before or after. To search for a term, precede it with an equal sign (=). For example, =john smith finds only that complete term (does not find just "john” or just "smith" or that phrase embedded in other text).

Case and Punctuation

Case in query criteria is usually ignored (a search for joe smith finds Joe Smith). Punctuation is also ignored, except for the and-or-not symbols (& / !) and the colon for range searches ( : ). If you want these characters to be interpreted literally, use quotation marks ("Smith & Wesson") or replace the punctuation with a space (Smith Wesson).

NOTE: In some cases, the Webmaster may have specified that punctuation and case are not ignored. This is often the case when searching for a URL. If a query does not find the records you expected, try surrounding the URL with quotation marks ("http://www.inmagic.com").

Reset Button

To clear query criteria, click the Reset button on the search form.

Submit Query Button

To start your search, click the Submit Query button.

Displaying Records After a Search

A successful search finds one or more records, which are displayed in your web browser as a report. Use the browser controls as you normally would, to browse, print, go back, etc. You can also: